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Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding ›› 2026, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (5): 21-31.doi: 10.19543/j.cnki.1673-4556.20260330.001cstr: 32418.14.j.cnki.1673-4556.20260330.001

• Advanced Technology • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and diarrhea in livestock and poultry, and related treatments

Yuhao Cao1,2,3(), Yu Zou1,2,3, Shijie Hu1,2,3, Jiaqi Niu1,2,3, Li Zhu1,2,3, Ye Zhao1,2,3, Mailin Gan1,2,3()   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Pig and Poultry Breeding Industry, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Functional Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan
    3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology Breeding, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan
  • Received:2025-11-10 Online:2026-03-26 Published:2026-06-17
  • Contact: Mailin Gan E-mail:1004159050@qq.com;ganmailin@sicau.edu.cn

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Abstract:

Diarrhea in livestock and poultry constitutes a major health challenge to the global animal husbandry industry. Traditional prevention and control strategies that rely heavily on antibiotics are plagued by severe limitations, including the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and drug residues. In this paper, the composition and function of intestinal flora in livestock and poultry are systematically reviewed, and the mechanism of dysbacteriosis causing diarrhea, which involves destroying the intestinal barrier, disrupting secretory function, and immune regulation, is analyzed. Four intervention strategies were described: First, probiotics ( such as Lactobacillus, Bacillus ), prebiotics ( such as fructooligosaccharides, inulin ) and synbiotics were used as the core of probiotics regulation; the second is to cover diet optimization and nutritional regulation of functional additives ( organic acids, enzyme preparations, plant extracts ); third, the rational use of antibiotics and their substitutes ( phages, antimicrobial peptides, egg yolk antibodies ); fourth, fecal bacteria transplantation technology. These strategies hold great potential for reducing the incidence of diarrhea and replacing antibiotic therapy, yet they still face challenges such as low strain colonization efficiency, insufficient cross-species standardization, and biosafety risks. Moving forward, it is essential to further elucidate the mechanisms of action of key functional microbiota, develop highly targeted microecological preparations, integrate multi-omics data to construct microbiota-host interaction networks, establish a precise prevention and control system, and advance green and healthy breeding practices.

Key words: Gut microbiota dysbiosis, Livestock diarrhea, Short-chain fatty acids, Microbial preparations, Fecal microbiota transplantation, Antibiotic alternatives

CLC Number: 

  • S8

Fig. 1

Network analysis of interactions between bacterial taxa at different growth stages"

Fig. 2

Hypothesis of the intestinal-mammary gland pathway for maternal-offspring microbial flow in ruminants"

Fig. 3

Establishment of the intestinal epithelial barrier"

Fig. 4

Correlation network and differential metabolites among escherichia coli–shigella， klebsiella and proteus Note: Different colors represent different clusters, (Normal fat diet, NFD, n=4), (Normal fat diet with antibiotics, NFDA, n=5)"

Fig. 5

Factors affecting animal intestinal health"

Fig. 6

Influencing factors of intestinal microbial disorders"

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