v

Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding ›› 2026, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (10): 96-113.doi: 10.19543/j.cnki.1673-4556.20260817.001cstr: 32418.14.j.cnki.1673-4556.20260817.001

• Germplasm Utilization • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The status of local cattle germplasm resources and the current situation and suggestions for its industrial development in China

Zhihao Zhang1(), Xue Gao2, Dawei Wei3, Zijing Zhang4, Yun Ma3, Eryao Wang4, Ningbo Chen1, Chuzhao Lei1, Junya Li2, Yongzhen Huang1()   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
    2. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
    3. College of;Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
    4. Institute of Animal Husbandry, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
  • Received:2026-02-04 Online:2026-10-26 Published:2026-09-29
  • Contact: Yongzhen Huang

RichHTML

0

PDF (PC)

0

Abstract:

As an important component of China's livestock and poultry genetic resources, Chinese indigenous yellow cattle germplasm resources boast abundant genetic diversity, remarkable economic value and unique cultural value. This paper systematically reviews the research progress and industrial development status of Chinese indigenous yellow cattle germplasm resources. In the basic research domain, this paper covers genetic diversity assessment based on mitochondrial DNA, SNP chips, whole-genome resequencing and other technologies. On this basis, it focuses on analyzing the genetic mechanisms of economic traits including growth and development, meat performance, reproductive performance and adaptability. Furthermore, it integrates phenotypic observation and molecular marker data to construct a comprehensive resource evaluation framework. Regarding breeding technologies, this paper discusses the integration feasibility of conventional breeding methods and cutting-edge technologies such as molecular marker-assisted selection, genomic selection and gene editing. In the field of conservation, development and utilization of germplasm resources, this review elaborates on the multi-level conservation system, covering in vivo conservation (conservation farms, conservation areas and core herds), cryopreservation (semen, embryos and somatic cells) and molecular-level preservation (genomic libraries and specific genetic resources). Meanwhile, it summarizes a diversified utilization with meat-oriented development as the core, complemented by dairy utilization, dual-purpose utilization of meat and milk, and cultural value exploration. Typical cases include the whole industrial chain operation of Qinchuan cattle, the high-end market strategy of Yanbian Yellow Cattle, and the characteristic product development of Wenling Gaofeng cattle. It is worth noting that the current field still faces several bottlenecks, including insufficient depth of basic research, relatively lagging update of breeding technologies, poor connection between conservation actions and industrial demands, low overall large-scale development level of the industry, and limited industrial chain extension, among other issues. Looking forward, we should continue to strengthen fundamental exploration and identification of key functional genes, accelerate the application and transformation of modern breeding technologies, establish a long-term synergistic mechanism for conservation, breeding and utilization, promote industrial quality improvement, efficiency enhancement and brand value promotion, and deepen international cooperation, so as to lay a solid foundation for the long-term and efficient utilization of Chinese indigenous yellow cattle resources.

Key words: Chinese local yellow cattle, Germplasm resources, Breeding and utilization, Germplasm innovation, Industrial development

CLC Number: 

  • S823

Table 1

Census numbers of genetic resources of cattle breeds in China"

牛种

Cattle breed

类型

Type

第一次资源调查

The first resource survey

第二次资源调查

The second resource survey

第三次资源调查

The third resource survey

新增

New additions
普通牛Bos taurus 地方品种 28 53 57 4
培育品种 4 8 11 3
引入品种 5 11 15 4

水牛

Bubalus bubalis

 地方品种 1 26 27 1
引入品种 2 2 3 1
牦牛Bos grunniens 地方品种 5 11 22 11
引入品种 0 1 2 1
大额牛Bos frontalis 地方品种 0 1 1 0
瘤牛Bos indicus 引入品种 0 0 1 1
总计Total 45 113 139 26

Table 2

Representative new beef cattle breeds developed through conventional breeding techniques and their performance improvement"

序号NO.

品种名称

Breed name

主要血统/培育方式

Main bloodline breeding method

品种特点与性能提升

Breed Characteristics and performance enhancement
1 中国西门塔尔牛 利用引进的西门塔尔牛与地方牛品种杂交选育而成 乳肉兼用型品种，生产性能比地方牛种有显著提高
2 新疆褐牛 利用引进的西门塔尔等品种与地方牛品种杂交选育而成 乳肉兼用型品种，生产性能比地方牛种有显著提高
3 三河牛 利用引进的西门塔尔等品种与地方牛品种杂交选育而成 乳肉兼用型品种，生产性能比地方牛种有显著提高
4 夏南牛 利用引进的夏洛来等品种与地方牛品种杂交选育而成 专门化肉牛品种，生产性能比地方牛种有显著提高
5 延黄牛 利用引进的夏洛来等品种与地方牛品种杂交选育而成 专门化肉牛品种，生产性能比地方牛种有显著提高
6 辽育白牛 以夏洛来牛为父本，辽宁本地黄牛为母本，级进杂交培育而成 专门化肉牛品种。初生重公犊、母犊分别为43.6和40.3 kg；成年种公牛平均体重1084 kg；产肉量比地方牛多30%以上
7 云岭牛 以云南本地黄牛为母本，婆罗门牛、莫累灰牛为父本的三元杂交 我国首个三元杂交肉牛新品种，生长快，可生产高档雪花牛肉
8 湘中黑牛 以黑色安格斯牛为父本，湖南娄底本地黄牛为母本杂交培育而成 二元杂交品种，初生重提高28.7%；18月龄体重可达420kg以上；屠宰率59.02%

Table 3

Developed genomic breeding chips"

序号NO.

模型/芯片名称

Model/Chip name

类型

Type

针对品种

Target breed

主要经济性状

Major economic traits
1 “中国黄牛1号”50 K育种芯片 固相芯片 中国黄牛代表性品种（如秦川牛等） 综合性状（通用型）
2 “楚牛一号”40K液相育种芯片 液相芯片 湖北地方黄牛（枣北牛、黄陂黄牛、郧巴黄牛、恩施黄牛、夷陵牛） 产肉、繁殖等
3 “延边黄牛HQ-50 K-V1”芯片 固相芯片 延边黄牛 肉用性状（胴体重、肌内脂肪含量、嫩度、背膘厚等）
4 “豫牛一号”50 K育种芯片 固相芯片 河南地方肉牛（南阳牛、郏县红牛、夏南牛、皮南牛、德南牛等） 生长、抗病、毛色、饲料转化率等14个性状
5

“秦川牛芯1号”（秦宝芯1.0）

低密度育种芯片

 液相芯片 秦宝牛（以秦川牛为母本，含安格斯牛、和牛等品种特异性标记） 生长速度、肌内脂肪沉积能力（雪花牛肉）、净肉率等

Table 4

Current status and representative cases of core herd conservation for local cattle breeds in China"

序号NO. 品种Breed 所在地Location

核心群规模/结构

Core population size/Structure

保护措施/特点

Conservation measures/Features
1 延边黄牛 吉林省 核心群体规模达3000头，2024年饲养量达18.1万头 到2024年，延边州建有国家级种公牛站1个、保种场2个及核心育种场1个，品种保护体系处于国内领先水平
2 郏县红牛 河南省 核心群600余头，涵盖8个家系 当地建成国家级保种场1个、规模养殖场98个，形成育种、饲养、屠宰加工全产业链条；国家级畜禽遗传资源保护品种；建有郏县红牛研究院
3 枣北黄牛 湖北省 据统计，枣阳市现存栏枣北黄牛9933头，其中公牛7221头、能繁母牛1220头 划定枣北黄牛保护区，建立保种基地，编制保护与利用规划，建设产学研游产业发展基地
4 夷陵黄牛 湖北省 2018年登记基础母牛1200头、种公牛40头；2023年核心群种公牛达12个家系、母牛存栏415头以上 建有高标准保种场（如湖北丰联佳沃夷陵牛保种场）；建立冻精冻胚保种基因库，实行“以用代保”策略；成立宜昌市夷陵牛产业发展联盟；2018年通过国家畜禽遗传资源鉴定并公告为新品种
5 务川黑牛 贵州省 截至2024年，全县存栏能繁母牛360头，全省存栏量不足1000头 2023年贵州鸿运祥农业公司建立保种场，存栏能繁母牛60头、种公牛5头
6 南阳牛 河南省 目前，全省约有南阳黄牛200多万头 建立了南阳市黄牛研究所、南阳市黄牛良种繁育场、南阳市家畜冷冻精液中心站、南阳黄牛科技中心等机构，2014年2月14日原农业部发布第2061号公告，南阳黄牛列入《国家级畜禽遗传资源保护名录》，2025年农业农村部修订《国家级畜禽遗传资源保护名录》，南阳牛仍为重点保护对象
7 秦川牛 陕西省 目前，总头数约在60万头以上 采取保种场保护；2008年陕西省秦川牛原种场被列为国家级畜禽遗传资源保种场
[1]
蔡保, 郭宪. 中国黄牛全基因组测序研究进展[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2024, 20(10): 17-30.
CAI B， GUO X, et al. Research progress on whole genome sequencing of Chinese cattle[J]. The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2024, 20(10): 17-30.
[2]
赵玉民, 李姣, 吴健, 等. 我国地方黄牛遗传改良概述[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2021, 17(5): 98-99.
ZHAO Y M, LI J, WU J, et al. Overview of genetic improvement of local yellow cattle in China[J]. The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2021, 17(5): 98-99.
[3]
陈宏, 黄永震, 周扬, 等. 中国肉牛育种技术演变[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2015, 41(4): 1-4, 8.
CHEN H, HUANG Y Z, ZHOU Y, et al. Evolution of Chinese beef cattle breeding technology[J]. China Cattle Science, 2015, 41(4): 1-4, 8.
[4]
李欣淼, 张子敬, 张华, 等. 我国地方黄牛种质资源创新与利用的研究进展[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2022, 18(10): 42-45.
LI X M, ZHANG Z J, ZHANG H, et al. Research progress on innovation and utilization of local yellow cattle germplasm resources in China[J]. The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2022, 18(10): 42-45.
[5]
LONDOÑO-GIL M, HIDALGO J, LEGARRA A, et al. Indirect genomic predictions for indicine cattle breeds with SNP effects from a multi-breed genomic evaluation[J]. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 2026, 143(1): 172-182.
[6]
OTTO P I, GUIMARÃES S E F, CALUS M P L, et al. Single-step genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and post-GWAS analyses to identify genomic regions and candidate genes for milk yield in Brazilian Girolando cattle[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2020, 103(11): 10347-10360.
[7]
LIU G E. Exploring cattle structural variation in the era of long reads, pangenome graphs, and near-complete assemblies[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 2025, 16(1): 158.
[8]
DANG D, ZHANG L, GAO L, et al. Analysis of genomic copy number variations through whole-genome scan in Yunling cattle[J]. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2024, 11: 1413504.
[9]
CHEN C, KASSIM Y, XU X, HE X, LIN H, DANG Y, SHI Y, WANG H, WANG S, ZHANG K. Gene editing and multi-omics approaches to study early embryogenesis in cattle[J]. Reproduction Fertility and Development, 2026, 38: RD25167.
[10]
陈明忠, 张发彬, 赵敏. 肉牛遗传育种与繁殖技术的应用、发展及推广[J]. 中国畜牧业, 2024(12):54-55.
CHEN M Z, ZHANG F, ZHAO M. Application, development and extension of beef cattle genetics, breeding and reproduction technologies[J]. China Animal Industry, 2024(12): 54-55.
[11]
范婷婷, 陈燕, 张路培, 等. 西门塔尔牛与我国地方黄牛的杂种优势预测分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2021, 52(3): 653-661.
FAN T T, CHEN Y, ZHANG L P, et al. Prediction of heterosis between Chinese Simmental beef cattle and Chinese local cattle[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(3): 653-661.
[12]
秦立红, 李姣, 吴健, 等. 地方黄牛遗传改良的现状和建议[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2021, 17(11): 121-122.
QIN L H, LI J, WU J, et al. Present situation and suggestions on genetic improvement of local yellow cattle[J]. The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2021, 17(11): 121-122.
[13]
吕鹏, 袁靖, 李志鹏. 再论中国家养黄牛的起源——商榷《中国东北地区全新世早期管理黄牛的形态学和基因学证据》一文[J]. 南方文物, 2014(3): 48-59.
LV P, YUAN J, LI Z P. Re-exploration the origination of domesticated cattle in China—discussion on the evidence of morphology and genetics about the management of cattle in the early Holocene, the Northeast China[J]. Cultural Relics in Southern China, 2014(3): 48-59.
[14]
蔡大伟, 孙洋, 汤卓炜, 等. 中国北方地区黄牛起源的分子考古学研究[J]. 第四纪研究, 2014, 34(1): 166-172.
CAI D W, SUN Y, TANG Z W, et al. Molecular archaeological research on the origins of cattle in northern China[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2014, 34(1): 166-172.
[15]
陈宁博, 雷初朝. 从DNA角度认识中国黄牛的起源和利用历史[J]. 第四纪研究, 2022, 42(1): 92-100.
CHEN N B, LEI C Z. The origins and utilization history of Chinese cattle as revealed by DNA analysis[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2022, 42(1): 92-100.
[16]
国家畜禽遗传资源委员会. 《国家畜禽遗传资源品种名录(2024年版)》发布[J]. 农村新技术, 2025(2): 47.
National Commission for Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources. National List of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources (2024 Edition) was released[J]. Rural New Technology, 2025( 2): 47.
[17]
昝林森, 梅楚刚, 王洪程. 中国黄牛选育改良及肉牛种业发展建议[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2016, 42(6): 1-4.
ZAN L S, MEI C G, WANG H C. Breeding and improvement of Chinese yellow cattle and suggestions on beef cattle industry[J]. China Cattle Science, 2016, 42(6): 1-4.
[18]
许尚忠, 高雪, 任红艳, 等. 中国黄牛遗传资源的保护与开发利用[J]. 中国牧业通讯, 2005(13): 16-18.
XU S Z, GAO X, REN H Y, et al. Protection, development and utilization of China yellow cattle genetic resources[J]. China Animal Husbandry Bulletin, 2005(13): 16-18.
[19]
巴达玛莲花. 浅谈提高北方牧区黄牛冷配繁殖率的措施[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2013, 9(2): 45-46.
BADAMA L H.Discussion on the measures to improve the reproductive rate of yellow cattle in northern pastoral areas[J]. The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2013, 9(2): 45-46.
[20]
管永平, 桑吉惹, 尼满, 等. 蒙古牛品种资源种质特征与提纯复壮研究[J]. 新疆畜牧业, 2012, 28(3): 35-36.
GUAN Y, SANG J, NI M, et al. Study on Germplasm Characteristics and Purification and Rejuvenation of Mongolian Cattle Breed Resources[J]. Xinjiang Animal Husbandry, 2012, 28(3): 35-36.
[21]
张聪聪, 李轩宇, 刘洪亮, 等. 吉林省延边牛产业发展现状、趋势及建议[J]. 吉林畜牧兽医, 2024, 45(12): 148-150.
ZHANG C C, LI X Y, LIU H L, et al. Present situation, trend and suggestions of Yanbian cattle industry in Jilin Province[J]. Jilin Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 45(12): 148-150.
[22]
秦川牛 [J].中国畜禽种业, 2008(13): 16-7.
Qinchuan Cattle[J]. China Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2008(13): 16-17.
[23]
我国黄牛主要品种——南阳牛[J]. 中国农业文摘(畜牧), 2004, 20(6): 29.
Nanyang cattle, the main yellow cattle breed in China[J]. Chinese Agricultural Abstracts of Animal Husbandry, 2004, 20(6): 29.
[24]
中国肉牛的优良品种——鲁西牛[J]. 乡村科技, 2013, 4(10): 8.
Luxi cattle, an excellent beef breed in China[J]. Rural Science and Technology, 2013, 4(10): 8.
[25]
闫伟, 罗玉柱, 李少斌, 等. 不同杂交组合肉牛产肉性能比较分析[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2016, 42(1): 18-22.
YAN W, LUO Y Z, LI S B, et al. Comparative studies on the meat performances of different cross combinations of beef cattle[J]. China Cattle Science, 2016, 42(1): 18-22.
[26]
武秀香, 施雪奎, 吴海涛, 等. 我国南方黄牛遗传资源及其利用探讨[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2010, 36(5): 1-4.
WU X X, SHI X K, WU H T, et al. Genetic resources and utilization of Chinese cattle in South China[J]. China Cattle Science, 2010, 36(5): 1-4.
[27]
役肉兼用型良种牛: 温岭高峰牛[J]. 农村百事通, 2007(10): 42, 77.
Wenling Humped cattle: A dual-purpose (draft and meat) improved breed[J]. Rural Everything, 2007(10): 42, 77.
[28]
师周戈, 李岩, 焦光月, 等. 我国肉牛品种比较及影响品种选择的因素分析[J]. 家畜生态学报, 2015, 36(6): 82-87.
SHI Z G, LI Y, JIAO G Y, et al. Comparison of Chinese beef cattle breeds and analysis of factors influencing breed selection[J]. Journal of Livestock Ecology, 2015, 36(6): 82-87.
[29]
李碧凤, 魏伍川, 谢婉, 等. 雷州黄牛生长发育和肉质性状研究[J]. 广东农业科学, 2006, 33(4): 70-71.
LI B F, WEI W C, XIE W, et al. Study on growth and meat quality of Leizhou yellow cattle[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2006, 33(4): 70-71.
[30]
马云, 于波, 徐永杰, 等. 中国部分地方牛种mtDNA D-loop区全序列的遗传多样性与系统进化分析[J]. 信阳师范学院学报(自然科学版), 2012(2): 202-205, 217.
MA Y, YU B, XU Y J, et al. Analysis of genetic diversity of the mtDNA D-loop regions and phylogenetic evolution of Chinese local cattle[J]. Journal of Xinyang Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2012(2): 202-205, 217.
[31]
蔡明成, 杨魁, 王玲, 等. SNP在肉牛育种中的应用进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2012, 28(26): 7-10.
CAI M C, YANG K, WANG L, et al. SNP and its application in beef cattle breeding[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2012, 28(26): 7-10.
[32]
王骁, 马桢, 高亮, 等. 新疆褐牛分子生物学和组学研究进展[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2024, 50(6):94-101.
WANG X, MA Z, GAO L, et al. Progress in molecular biology and omics studies of Xinjiang brown cattle[J]. China Cattle Science, 2024, 50(6): 94-101.
[33]
张小辉, 高雪, 许尚忠, 等. 南阳牛肌肉发育过程中IGF基因家族的表达变化研究[J]. 云南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2012(4): 515-521.
ZHANG X H, GAO X, XU S Z, et al. The time serial expression pattern of IGF superfamily in longissimus dorsi muscle of Nanyang cattle[J]. Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University (Natural Science), 2012(4): 515-521.
[34]
GERASIMOV N P, DZHULAMANOV K M, LEBEDEV S V, et al. Effect of IGF-1 C472T, GH C2141G, and GHR T914A polymorphisms on growth performance and feed efficiency in young Kazakh white-headed cattle[J]. Veterinary World, 2023, 16(8): 1584-1592.
[35]
高雪, 徐秀容, 许尚忠, 等. 中国地方黄牛GH基因遗传多态性研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2005, 36(10): 991-995.
GAO X, XU X R, XU S Z, et al. Genetic polymorphisms of GH genes in Chinese yellow cattle[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2005, 36(10): 991-995.
[36]
XU L, JIN T, LOU A, et al. The effect of miR-23b-3p on regulating GH by targeting POU1F1 in Yanbian yellow cattle[J]. Animal Biotechnology, 2024, 35(1): 2346808.
[37]
FALAH G, SHARVIT L, ATZMON G. The exon 3-deleted growth hormone receptor (d3GHR) polymorphism-a favorable backdoor mechanism for the GHR function[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2023, 24(18): 13908.
[38]
李光鹏, 白春玲, 魏著英, 等. 黄牛Myostatin基因编辑研究[J]. 内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 51(1): 12-32.
LI G P, BAI C L, WEI Z Y, et al. Study of myostatin gene-editing in Chinese yellow cattle[J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 51(1): 12-32.
[39]
苗舒, 安济山, 王祚, 等. 亮氨酸通过PI3K-AKT信号通路促进牛成肌细胞的增殖[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 142-152.
MIAO S, AN J S, WANG Z, et al. Leucine promotes the proliferation of bovine myoblasts through PI3K-AKT signaling pathway[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 142-152.
[40]
夏春秋, 苗舒, 李志青, 等. 缬氨酸通过AMPK/mTOR信号通路调控牛成肌细胞增殖[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(9): 4491-4506.
XIA C Q, MIAO S, LI Z Q, et al. Valine regulates bovine myoblast proliferation through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(9): 4491-4506.
[41]
ZHOU D, WANG Y, YANG R, et al. The MyoD1 promoted muscle differentiation and generation by activating CCND2 in Guanling cattle[J]. Animals, 2022, 12(19): 2571.
[42]
王敏强, 苏培, 刘晓玲, 等. 牛亚科3个主要家养牛种MyoG基因多态性及其遗传分化[J]. 烟台大学学报(自然科学与工程版), 2011, 24(4): 287-291.
WANG M Q, SU P, LIU X L, et al. DNA polymorphism and genetic differentiation of MyoG gene in three Chinese domestic bovine species[J]. Journal of Yantai University (Natural Science and Engineering Edition), 2011, 24(4): 287-291.
[43]
SHI L L, ZHU K C, WANG H L. Characterization of myogenic regulatory factors, myod and myf5 from Megalobrama amblycephala and the effect of lipopolysaccharide on satellite cells in skeletal muscle[J]. Gene, 2022, 834: 146608.
[44]
HAN D, LIM Y, LEE S, et al. Troponin I - a comprehensive review of its function, structure, evolution, and role in muscle diseases[J]. Animal Cells and Systems, 2025, 29(1): 446-468.
[45]
迟志娇, 澈力木格, 成功, 等. 秦川牛FABP4、FASN和TCAP基因多态性位点与生长和胴体性状的关联性分析[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2022, 30(8): 1488-1498.
CHI Z J, CHE L, CHENG G, et al. Association analysis between polymorphisms in FABP4 FASN and TCAP genes and growth and carcass traits in Qinchuan cattle (Bos taurus)[J]. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 2022, 30(8): 1488-1498.
[46]
金哲勇, 张军芳, 唐琳, 等. 基于RNA-Seq数据分析油酸对牛前体脂肪细胞分化及PPAR信号通路的影响[J]. 吉林农业大学学报, 2023, 45(2): 221-227.
JIN Z Y, ZHANG J F, TANG L, et al. Effects of oleic acid on differentiation of bovine precursor adipocytes and PPAR signaling pathway based on RNA-seq data[J]. Journal of Jilin Agricultural University, 2023, 45(2): 221-227.
[47]
LUO G, LE J, MAO X, et al. M6A regulates intramuscular fat deposition in rabbits through LPL/3-methyl-L-histidine/pathways[J]. Animals, 2026, 16: 1646.
[48]
LEE H J, JIN S, KIM H J, et al. Validation study of SNPs in CAPN1-CAST genes on the tenderness of muscles (Longissimus thoracis and Semimembranosus) in hanwoo (Korean cattle)[J]. Animals, 2019, 9(9): 691.
[49]
FADHIL M, ZÜLKADIR U. Association between polymorphisms of Myf5, MSTN and CAST genes and fattening performance in Brown Swiss and Holstein cattle breeds[J]. Animal Biotechnology, 2021, 32(1): 121-129.
[50]
XU D J, JIANG X H, WANG Y K, et al. Liver receptor homolog-1 regulates apoptosis of bovine ovarian granulosa cells by progestogen receptor signaling pathway[J]. Animals, 2022, 12(9): 1213.
[51]
SILVA L O E, MOTTA J C L, OLIVA A L, et al. Influence of GnRH analog and dose on LH release and ovulatory response in Bos indicus heifers and cows on day seven of the estrous cycle[J]. Theriogenology, 2024, 214: 215-223.
[52]
王丽娟, 李秋玲, 王长法, 等. 奶牛PRL基因CRS-PCR多态性与产奶性状的关联分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2009, 40(3): 303-308.
WANG L J, LI Q L, WANG C F, et al. CRS-PCR polymorphisms of prolactin gene and its relationship with milk production traits in Chinese Holstein cows[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2009, 40(3): 303-308.
[53]
JI Z, BAO B, WANG Y, et al. RNA sequencing reveals the involvement of serum exosomal miRNAs in early pregnancy in cattle[J]. Animals, 2024, 14(17): 2600.
[54]
梁灿香, 权君莲, 张勤文. 不同海拔牦牛骨骼肌中热休克蛋白70表达特点与定位[J]. 动物学杂志, 2026, 61(2): 221-229.
LIANG C X, QUAN J L, ZHANG Q W. Characteristics and localization of HSP70 expression in skeletal muscle of Yaks at different altitudes[J]. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 2026, 61(2): 221-229.
[55]
唐娜, 孙政, 高清龙, 等. 牛Toll样受体的研究进展[J]. 上海畜牧兽医通讯, 2020(6): 14-16, 19.
TANG N, SUN Z, GAO Q L, et al. Research progress of bovine toll-like receptor[J]. Shanghai Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020(6): 14-16, 19.
[56]
XU Y O, ZHANG X L, GUAN X T, et al. Solid-state fermentation of milk thistle meal with complex probiotics and cellulase as a sustainable cattle feed from Chinese herb residues[J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2025, 236: 122000.
[57]
宁江华, 田继英, 周晓歌. 北京地区荷斯坦牛体型性状表型参数分析[J]. 中国奶牛, 2023(10): 20-24.
NING J H, TIAN J Y, ZHOU X G. Phenotypic parameters analysis for type traits of Holstein cattle in Beijing area[J]. China Dairy Cattle, 2023(10): 20-24.
[58]
孔伟, 郎侠, 周国乔, 等. 黑西门塔尔牛繁育后代的适应性及生产性能评价[J]. 中国草食动物科学, 2023, 43(3): 61-64.
KONG W, LANG X, ZHOU G Q, et al. Assessment on adaptability and productive performance of bred offspring of black Simmental cattle[J]. China Herbivore Science, 2023, 43(3): 61-64.
[59]
李丽, 李艳情, 吴震洋. 对牛源性成分鉴定的特异性SSR标记的筛选[J]. 农业与技术, 2023, 43(24): 97-101.
LI L, LI Y Q, WU Z Y. Screening of specific SSR markers for identification of bovine-derived components[J]. Agriculture and Technology, 2023, 43(24): 97-101.
[60]
GUAN F, JIN Y T, ZHAO J, et al. A PCR method that can be further developed into PCR-RFLP assay for eight animal species identification[J]. Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry, 2018, 2018(1): 5890140.
[61]
张桂凤, 曹玲玲. 运用分子标记辅助选择技术促进肉牛优良品种的繁育[J]. 四川畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(9): 40-41.
ZHANG G F, CAO L L. Using molecular marker-assisted selection technology to promote the breeding of excellent beef cattle breeds[J]. Sichuan Animal & Veterinary Sciences, 2025, 52(9): 40-41.
[62]
吕世杰, 陈付英, 张子敬, 等. 南阳牛生长性状相关基因组区域全基因组关联分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(1): 74-82.
LV S J, CHEN F Y, ZHANG Z J, et al. Genomic regions associated with growth traits in Nanyang cattle using genome-wide association analysis[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(1): 74-82.
[63]
陈付英, 牛晖, 施巧婷, 等. 郏县红牛生长发育性状全基因组关联分析[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2018, 44(5): 24-28.
CHEN F Y, NIU H, SHI Q T, et al. Genome—wide association analysis on growth traits of Jiaxian red cattle[J]. China Cattle Science, 2018, 44(5): 24-28.
[64]
梁凤影, 荣柏庆. 探讨牛品种改良繁殖技术创新研究[J]. 吉林畜牧兽医, 2024, 45(6): 133-135.
LIANG F Y, RONG B Q. Discussion on technical innovation of cattle breed improvement and reproduction[J]. Jilin Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 45(6): 133-135.
[65]
卡别尔·木哈买提, 宋晶. 浅谈黄牛杂交改良[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2017, 13(2): 69.
KABIER M H M T, SONG J. Discussion on crossbreeding improvement of yellow cattle[J]. The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2017, 13(2): 69.
[66]
苏晓美, 徐华, 计红, 等. 奶牛全基因组选择技术的研究探讨[J]. 现代畜牧科技, 2025(2): 52-55.
SU X M, XU H, JI H, et al. Research and discussion on genomic selection technology in dairy cow[J]. Modern Animal Husbandry Science & Technology, 2025(2): 52-55.
[67]
郭鹏, 张建斌, 曹晟. 肉牛日增重全基因组选择比较研究[J]. 中国畜牧杂志, 2023, 59(1): 143-148.
GUO P, ZHANG J B, CAO S. Comparative study on genome-wide selection of daily gain of beef cattle[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2023, 59(1): 143-148.
[68]
尉翔栋, 吕晨晨, 朱肖亭, 等. 利用CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术制备牛MSTN基因编辑胚胎[J]. 河南农业科学, 2019, 48(2): 131-136.
YU X D, LV C C, ZHU X T, et al. Preparation of bovine MSTN gene edited embryos using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 48(2): 131-136.
[69]
SHANDILYA U K, SHARMA A, MALLIKARJUNAPPA S, et al. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of TLR4 modulates Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis cell lysate-induced inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2021, 104(10): 11135-11146.
[70]
卢士友. 保种育种场种牛编号方法与应用[J]. 现代农业科技, 2020(5): 190, 192.
LU S Y. Number method and application of breeding cattle in conservation breeding farm[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2020(5): 190, 192.
[71]
张玉才, 陈冠, 路青各. 南阳牛品种资源保护与利用现状[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2010, 36(1): 57-59.
ZHANG Y C, CHEN G, LU Q G. Resource protection and current utilization situation of Nanyang breed[J]. China Cattle Science, 2010, 36(1): 57-59.
[72]
李沐森, 郭文场, 刘东宝, 等. 鲁西牛的饲养管理与品种保护(2)[J]. 特种经济动植物, 2016, 19(5): 5-7.
LI M S, GUO W C, LIU D B, et al. Breeding management and breed protection of Luxi cattle (2)[J]. Special Economic Animal and Plant, 2016, 19(5): 5-7.
[73]
王武生, 张雨乔, 张金川, 等. 秦川牛种质资源保护及存在问题探析: 以陕西省农牧良种场秦川牛保种为例[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2022, 18(11): 89-95.
WANG W S, ZHANG Y Q, ZHANG J C, et al. Analysis on the conservation of Qinchuan cattle germplasm resources and the existing problems: taking the conservation of Qinchuan cattle in Shaanxi Province as an example[J]. The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2022, 18(11): 89-95.
[74]
冯肖艺, 徐茜, 张航, 等. 牛体外胚胎冷冻保存的研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(2): 451-462.
FENG X Y, XU X, ZHANG H, et al. Advances in cryo-preservation of bovine embryo in vitro [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(2): 451-462.
[75]
任忠伟, 苏智辉, 杜烨青, 等. 牛精液冷冻保存技术研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医杂志, 2020, 39(2): 50-53.
REN Z W, SU Z H, DU Y Q, et al. Research progress on bovine cryopreservation[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 39(2): 50-53.
[76]
王鸽, 张逸松, 张依, 等. 牛体外胚胎冷冻方法和冷冻损伤研究进展[J]. 现代畜牧兽医, 2025(1): 85-90.
WANG G, ZHANG Y S, ZHANG Y, et al. Research progress of bovine embryo freezing methods and freezing damage in vitro [J]. Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025(1): 85-90.
[77]
孙清漪, 房晓欢, 李俊杰. 体细胞冷冻保存技术及其在动物遗传资源保护中的应用研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧杂志, 2024, 60(1): 1-5.
SUN Q Y, FANG X H, LI J J. Advances in somatic cell cryopreservation technology and its application in animal genetic resource conservation[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2024, 60(1): 1-5.
[78]
昝林森. 秦川牛种质资源保护与肉用选育改良[J]. 中国畜牧业, 2015(17): 20-22.
ZAN L S. Protection of Qinchuan cattle germplasm resources and improvement of meat breeding[J]. China Animal Industry, 2015(17): 20-22.
[79]
延边州首个延边黄牛肉品深加工项目落户龙井[J]. 吉林畜牧兽医, 2014, 34(1): 33.
The first deep processing project of Yanbian yellow cattle meat in Yanbian Prefecture settled in Longjing[J]. Jilin Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2014, 34(1): 33.
[80]
刘文营, 田寒友, 邹昊, 等. 通过图像特征信息提取分析鲁西黄牛肉新鲜度[J]. 肉类研究, 2015, 29(11): 7-9.
LIU W Y, TIAN H Y, ZOU H, et al. Evaluating the freshness of beef from Luxi yellow cattle based on image color feature extraction[J]. Meat Research, 2015, 29(11): 7-9.
[81]
杨海涛, 贾永宏, 张岩, 等. 对秦川牛发展之路的思考[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2013, 39(3): 39-42.
YANG H T, JIA Y H, ZHANG Y, et al. Thinking on the development of Qinchuan cattle[J]. China Cattle Science, 2013, 39(3): 39-42.
[82]
辛亚平, 昝林森, 陈纯地. 陕西省肉牛产业发展现状及建议[J]. 畜牧兽医杂志, 2011, 30(6): 53-55, 58.
XIN Y P, ZAN L S, CHEN C D. Survey report on the status of beef cattle industry development in Shaanxi Province[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2011, 30(6): 53-55, 58.
[83]
崔政然, 王旭有. 延边黄牛产业发展的经济分析[J]. 农村经济与科技, 2011, 22(5): 118-119.
CUI Z R, WANG X Y. Economic analysis of Yanbian yellow cattle industry development[J]. Rural Economy and Science-Technology, 2011, 22(5): 118-119.
[84]
金英姬, 山宇, 徐厚延, 等. 关于延边黄牛产业化发展战略的探讨[J]. 吉林农业科技学院学报, 2010, 19(2): 32-34.
JIN Y J, SHAN Y, XU H Y, et al. Discussion on industrialization development strategy of Yanbian yellow cattle[J]. Journal of Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, 2010, 19(2): 32-34.
[1] Wucai Yang, Benshun Yang, Wenjie Liu, Zhenghai Zhou, Jianbing Tan, Xianya Kong, Linsen Zan. Current status and development recommendations of conservation, breeding, and industrial utilization of Chinese yellow cattle [J]. Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2026, 22(8): 79-89.
[2] Peng Peng, Tingyu Liu, Huifeng Zhao, Bowei Zhao, Suxia Li, Hua Xu, Shujing Li, Kun Wang. Current situation, existing problems and development suggestions for beef cattle genetic improvement in Hebei Province [J]. Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2026, 22(8): 54-60.
[3] Xiaoyao Cao, Jiao Li, Ting Wang, Lanling Xiong, Xiangting Cai, Siyuan Feng, Zezhao Wang, Caihong Zheng, Yan Chen, Lupei Zhang, Xue Gao, Huijiang Gao, Bo Zhu, Junya Li. Progress and prospects for genetic improvement of beef cattle in China: The pathway to revitalizing the seed industry from "catching up" to "innovation" [J]. Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2026, 22(8): 19-31.
[4] Linsen Zan. International advances in beef cattle breeding as a reference for the genetic improvement of indigenous yellow cattle [J]. Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2026, 22(8): 10-18.
[5] Yunmei He, Zhuang Tian, Hongyan Zhao, Qiqige Wulan, Xiaoyan Wang, Gumala Wuri, Galangtu Jiri, Xiong Miao, Bin Liu. Breeding progress and industrial development of Inner Mongolia Albas cashmere goats [J]. Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2026, 22(7): 83-91.
[6] Liya Guo, Yang Yuan, Jinxiao Wei, Guangying Zhao, Yueyu Bai, Wei Zhang. Research on the application of the major germplasm innovation technologies for local cattle breeds empowered by digital and intelligent technologies [J]. Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2026, 22(6): 87-95.
[7] Qingzheng Wang, Na Yang, Huie Wang, Ruihua Dang, Yinamujiang·Yalimaimaiti, Mubareke·Muhaimaite, Aierken·Alimu, Tuerdibake·Tuerxuntuoheti, Tianxin Zhao, Nurikayahan·Aili, Gemingguli·Muhatai. Current status of hybridization and breed conservation recommendations for Turpan fighting cocks [J]. Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2026, 22(5): 116-124.
[8] Jing Wang, Yaping Song, Dongmei Yang, Hongfang Gong, Yi Fang, Yongzhen Huang, Yun Ma, Dawei Wei. Current status, conservation, and utilization strategies of bovine germplasm resources in China [J]. Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2026, 22(10): 72-85.
[9] Wenfa Lyu, Jinming Fu, Lupei Zhang, Yi Fang. Development and utilization status and development strategies of introduced beef cattle breeds in China [J]. Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2026, 22(10): 38-43.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Copyright © Editorial Board of Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding
Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd