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Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding ›› 2026, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (9): 85-94.doi: 10.19543/j.cnki.1673-4556.20260629.001cstr: 32418.14.j.cnki.1673-4556.20260629.001

• Stem Cell Engineering and Germplasm Resource Innovation • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Research progress on pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids

Xueting Li1(), Jiannan Li1, Jinlian Hua1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi
    2. Shaanxi Provincial Stem Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi
  • Received:2025-12-31 Online:2026-09-26 Published:2026-09-10
  • Contact: Jinlian Hua

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Abstract:

Pluripotent stem cells are mainly derived from embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. Although embryonic stem cells have the potential of infinite proliferation and multi-directional differentiation, their application is restricted by ethical issues. In recent years, the deep integration of pluripotent stem cells and three-dimensional organoid technology has made in vitro model research officially enter the era of "quasi-physiology". This technology is the first to open a breakthrough in the field of human medicine. At present, it is providing a technical model for disease resistance breeding in the field of livestock and poultry through cross-species technology migration. In this context, this article focuses on the organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells. First, it focuses on reviewing key developmental signaling pathways such as Wnt, BMP, and TGF-β. Researchers need to differentially regulate the above pathways according to the types of organoids to be constructed. For example, when inducing neural induction of pluripotent stem cells into brain organoids, it is necessary to simultaneously block the BMP and TGF-β signaling pathways. In addition, this paper reviews the progress in the modeling of the pathological mechanisms of diseases in complex organs such as nerves, heart, and lungs, and discusses the frontier applications of various organs in the construction of infection and tumor models, drug screening, and toxicity assessment. It focuses on its key role in simulating disease processes, revealing pathogenic mechanisms, developing new therapies, and evaluating drug safety, and carefully reviews the innovative technical methods and progress of organoid culture systems in recent years. Combined with the current technical challenges faced by animal pluripotent stem cell-derived organs in model construction, it is proposed that the mature experience of human-derived organs in complex disease modeling should be used for reference. It provides a new research method and technical support for the sustainable development of livestock and poultry breeding in disease resistance breeding and excellent trait screening.

Key words: Pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids, Model construction, Disease simulation

CLC Number: 

  • S81

Fig. 1

Classification of pluripotent stem cells and their major biological characteristics Note: The figure was created using BioGDP.com. Same for the following figures."

Fig. 2

Schematic illustration of organoid applications in disease modeling and drug screening"

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