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Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding ›› 2026, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (7): 45-52.doi: 10.19543/j.cnki.1673-4556.20260707.001cstr: 32418.14.j.cnki.1673-4556.20260707.001

Special Issue: Functional genomics

• Biotechnology • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Research progress of multi-omics technology in poultry genetic breeding

Jinwei Fan1,2(), Ziqi Zhong1, Deyou Pan1, Zhiqing Su1, Siyu Liu1, Zheng Yang1, Guanyu Hou2(), Qian Xiao1()   

  1. 1. School of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, Hainan
    2. Tropical Crops Genetic Resource Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan
  • Received:2025-12-18 Online:2026-07-26 Published:2026-07-18
  • Contact: Guanyu Hou, Qian Xiao E-mail:24220951330001@hainanu.edu.cn;guanyuhou@126.com;xiaoqian@hainanu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

Omics is a branch of systems biology focused on the comprehensive study of a specific class of molecular populations within an organism. Single-omics refers to the independent analysis of one such molecular class using a single omics technology to reveal its systems-level roles and regulatory mechanisms, while multi-omics integrates data from multiple omics platforms for cross-analysis, enabling a deeper investigation into the overall function and mechanisms of biological systems. This review outlines the core methodologies of single-omics technologies—including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics—and their limitations in poultry genetic breeding. Building on this foundation, it introduces the technical advantages of multi-omics integration. The application progress of multi-omics in poultry breeding is then reviewed from the perspective of key economic traits such as meat production, meat quality, and egg production. In addition, this paper also analyzes the current challenges faced by multi-omics technology, and looks forward to the future development direction of multi-omics technology, in order to provide an important theoretical basis for accurate breeding of poultry.

Key words: Multi?omics technology, Genetic breeding, Poultry

CLC Number: 

  • S831

Table 1

Common technologies, methodologies, and research focus in omics studies"

组学类别Omics category 常用技术Common techniques 研究方法Research methods 研究对象Research subjects
基因组学Genomics 全基因组重测序、靶向测序等 全基因组关联分析[4]、选择信号分析[13]等 基因组的功能、结构
转录组学Transcriptomics RNA-seq、单细胞RNA-seq等 全转录组关联分析[14]、差异表达分析[15]等 基因转录的规律和情况[16]
代谢组学Metabolomics 气相色谱-质谱联用[17]、液相色谱-质谱联用[9]等 主成分分析、偏最小二乘辨别分析等[18] 生物体在不同状态或刺激下代谢物图谱的变化[19]
蛋白质组学Proteomics 液相色谱-串联质谱 联用[20]、串联质谱标记[21]等 差异表达蛋白质分析[22]、蛋白互作网络分析等[23] 某一类细胞或组织或体液中所有蛋白质的组成及相互作用[24]
微生物组学Microbiomics 16s rRNA测序、ITS等标记基因测序[25]等 物种组成分析、α多样性分析等[26] 微生物及其生存环境或宿主间的相互作用[12]
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