摘要： 骨骼肌质量是肉牛的重要生产性状,提高骨骼肌质量是肉牛育种的工作目标。STAR基因作为胆固醇转运的关键蛋白,参与脂质代谢。同时,参与心脏成纤维细胞的增殖与分化,并表现出抗凋亡特性。然而,目前缺乏该基因在成肌细胞上的功能研究。因此,探究STAR基因对牛成肌细胞的增殖与分化的影响,有利于为进一步探究STAR基因在骨骼肌发育中发挥的作用,为肉牛育种提供理论依据。该研究利用RT-qPCR的方法检测STAR mRNA在成肌分化过程中的表达规律;利用STAR过表达腺病毒侵染细胞,通过显微镜观察、RT-qPCR、蛋白免疫印迹、EdU染色、CCK8、流式细胞术等生物技术检测过表达STAR对成肌细胞增殖与分化的影响。研究结果表明,随着成肌细胞的分化STAR基因的表达量上调,呈现出先升高后降低的趋势;过表达STAR基因后极显著地抑制细胞周期基因MCM3、MCM6、PCNA、CCNA2、CCND在mRNA水平以及PCNA在蛋白水平的表达（P<0.01）,极显著地促进细胞周期抑制基因P21在mRNA水平和蛋白水平的表达（P<0.01）,抑制成肌细胞的细胞活力和增殖活力,并使其滞留在S期;同时,抑制肌管的形成,显著地抑制成肌相关基因MYOG、MYOD、MYH3、MYF5、MRF4在mRNA水平以及MYOG、MYH3在蛋白水平的表达（P<0.01）。综上所述,过表达STAR基因抑制成肌细胞的增殖与分化,提示该基因可能在牛骨骼肌的生长发育中扮演重要角色。
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