中国畜禽种业 ›› 2026, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (7): 28-37.doi: 10.19543/j.cnki.1673-4556.20260602.001cstr: 32418.14.j.cnki.1673-4556.20260602.001

所属专题： 功能基因组学

• 生物技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

鹅肥肝形成过程中脂质代谢的甲基化动态调控机制

黄鲁豫1(), 张名爱1,2, 岳斌2, 孔敏1, 侯中一2, 姜雅静1, 滕兴怡1, 刘嘉玲1, 赖学湘3, 郑赛超1, 王宝维1,2(), 凡文磊1,2()   

  1. 1. 青岛农业大学动物科技学院，山东 青岛 266109
    2. 青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所，山东 青岛 266109
    3. 青岛农业大学食品科学与工程学院，山东 青岛 266109
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-08 出版日期:2026-07-26 发布日期:2026-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 王宝维, 凡文磊 E-mail:495688544@qq.com;wangbw1959@qq.com;fanwenlei@qau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:
    黄鲁豫（2002—），男，山东龙口人，硕士研究生，主要从事动物遗传与育种方向的研究，E-mail：。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划（农业良种工程）项目(2024LZGC021); 山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2020QC182); 国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-42-14)

Dynamic regulation mechanism of lipid metabolism methylation during the formation of goose fatty liver

Luyu Huang1(), Mingai Zhang1,2, Bin Yue2, Min Kong1, ZhongYi Hou2, Yajing Jiang1, Xingyi Teng1, JiaLing Liu1, XueXiang Lai3, SaiChao Zheng1, Baowei Wang1,2(), Wenlei Fan1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong
    2. Institute of High Quality Waterfowl, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong
    3. College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong
  • Received:2025-09-08 Online:2026-07-26 Published:2026-07-18
  • Contact: Baowei Wang, Wenlei Fan E-mail:495688544@qq.com;wangbw1959@qq.com;fanwenlei@qau.edu.cn

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摘要：

目的 本研究旨在揭示DNA甲基化调控在鹅肥肝形成中的作用，以期进一步筛选和挖掘与鹅肥肝形成相关的关键代谢通路和差异甲基化基因，从而完善鹅肥肝形成的表观遗传调控机制。 方法 试验选取同批次生理状态与健康状况相同的70日龄朗德鹅，分别于填饲前期（7 d）、填饲中期（16 d）、填饲后期（25 d）随机选取3只朗德鹅进行肝脏样品采集，通过DNA甲基化组分析，进一步筛选与鹅肥肝形成相关的关键代谢通路并发掘差异甲基化基因。 结果 测序获得有效数据共266.2 G，平均Q30为87.57%，比对率约74%，CT转化效率>99.4%。在全基因组检测到的甲基化胞嘧啶中，CpG上下文类型占比约65%，甲基化水平约20%；CHG和CHH类型占比均约0.7%，甲基化水平分别约4%和1.4%。主成分分析显示各填饲阶段样本明显区分；基因功能区域中，外显子区甲基化水平最高，启动子区最低。在填饲前期与填饲中期比较组中，有524个差异甲基化区域（Differential methylated region， DMR）甲基化水平上升，427个DMR甲基化水平下降；在填饲中期与填饲后期比较组中，有432个DMR甲基化水平上升，236个DMR甲基化水平下降。前期与中期差异基因显著富集于121条KEGG通路，获得829个GO条目，其中胰岛素信号通路、FoxO信号通路等与脂质沉积密切相关，涉及MAPK10、IL6等6个基因。中期与后期差异基因富集到96条KEGG通路，获得629个GO条目，其中MAPK信号通路、FoxO信号通路等显著富集，关联基因包括MAPK10、PCK1、PLA2G4A等13个基因。 结论 DMR主要富集于脂代谢相关通路的关键基因，其形成受FoxO信号通路、脂肪细胞因子信号通路、PPAR信号通路、胰岛素信号通路等多通路的协同调控，关键候选基因MAPK10、PCK1、PLA2G4A等甲基化水平与鹅肥肝形成有关联。

关键词: 鹅肥肝, 甲基化, 脂质代谢, 分子机制

Abstract:

Objective The purpose of this study was to reveal the role of DNA methylation regulation in the formation of goose fat liver, in order to further screen and explore the key metabolic pathways and differential methylation genes related to the formation of goose fat liver, so as to improve the epigenetic regulation mechanism of goose fat liver formation. Methods In this study, three 70-day-old Lander geese with the same physiological status and health status were selected from the same batch for liver sample collection in the early stage (7 days), middle stage (16 days) and late stage of feeding (25 days). Results The results showed that a total of 266.2G of valid data were obtained by sequencing, with an average Q30 of 87.57%, a match rate of about 74%, and a CT conversion efficiency of > 99.4%. Among the methylated cytosine detected in the whole genome, the CpG context type accounted for about 65% and the methylation level was about 20%. CHG and CHH types accounted for about 0.7%, and the methylation levels were about 4% and 1.4%, respectively. Principal component analysis showed that the samples at each feeding stage were clearly differentiated. Among the gene function regions, the exon region had the highest methylation level and the lowest promoter region. In the comparison group in the early and middle stage of feeding, 524 differential methylated region (DMR) methylation levels increased and 427 DMR methylation levels decreased. In the middle and late stage of feeding, 432 DMR methylation levels increased and 236 DMR methylation levels decreased. The differential genes in the early and middle stages were significantly enriched in 121 KEGG pathways, and 829 GO entries were obtained, among which insulin signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway were closely related to lipid deposition, involving 6 genes such as MAPK10 and IL6. The differential genes in metaphase and late stage were enriched into 96 KEGG pathways, and 629 GO entries were obtained, among which MAPK signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway were significantly enriched, and 13 related genes including MAPK10, PCK1, and PLA2G4A were obtained. Conclusion The DMR is mainly enriched in key genes related to lipid metabolism, and its formation is synergisticly regulated by multiple pathways such as FoxO signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, etc., and the methylation levels of key candidate genes MAPK10, PCK1, PLA2G4A are associated with the formation of goose fat liver.

Key words: Goose fatty liver, DNA methylation, Lipid metabolism, Molecular mechanism

中图分类号: 

  • S835

表1

鹅肥肝DNA甲基化重测序数据产出情况"

样本

Samples

有效reads

Effective reads

比对reads

Comparison reads

C/T转化率

C/T conversion rate

比对率

Comparison rate/%

 Q30/%
前期-1 Early-1 29130791700 22663755943 0.994884552 77.80 90.63
前期-2 Early-2 29253349800 22583586046 0.994809201 77.20 90.91
前期-3 Early-3 29070828300 21512412942 0.994877554 74.00 86.96
中期-1 Middle-1 28905671100 21158951245 0.995017668 73.20 86.09
中期-2 Middle-2 31352284200 22824462898 0.995071942 72.80 86.99
中期-3 Middle-3 29842813800 21755411260 0.995101413 72.90 86.94
后期-1 Final-1 29220756300 20805178486 0.995159206 71.20 86.23
后期-2 Final-2 30281492100 21772392820 0.995517081 71.90 87.14
后期-3 Final-3 29216945100 20890115747 0.995057107 71.50 86.22

表2

不同分布类型甲基化C的组成比例及其甲基化水平"

样本

Samples

 mC mC甲基化水平mC Methylation level mCpG/% mCpG甲基化水平mCpG Methylation level mCHG/% mCHG甲基化水平mCHGMethylation level mCHH/% mCHH甲基化水平mCHHMethylation level
前期-1 Early-1 4210763360 3.96 64.947 19.79 0.707 4.15 0.719 1.41
前期-2 Early-2 4266739976 4.08 65.608 19.36 0.717 4.14 0.728 1.41
前期-3 Early-3 3907388946 4.0 66.683 20.25 0.705 4.15 0.724 1.41
中期-1 Middle-1 3869687066 3.82 64.957 20.59 0.691 4.17 0.705 1.41
中期-2 Middle-2 4201846089 3.90 65.146 20.09 0.678 4.16 0.690 1.41
中期-3 Middle-3 4074214208 3.82 62.979 19.90 0.678 4.17 0.689 1.41
后期-1 Final-1 3871948203 3.86 64.917 20.24 0.675 4.19 0.685 1.40
后期-2 Final-2 4044916377 3.79 64.593 20.44 0.646 4.18 0.662 1.40
后期-3 Final-3 3873964105 3.87 65.082 20.30 0.691 4.18 0.707 1.41

图1

全基因组甲基化基本特征与样本关系分析​"

图2

不同填饲阶段差异甲基化曼哈顿图与差异甲基化数量"

表3

各时期甲基化水平与基因表达水平负相关基因"

时期Time 基因名Name of gene 基因功能Function of genes 甲基化Methylation of DNA 表达量Quantity of expression

前期与中期

Early and middle

 SLC6A15 solute carrier family 6 members 15 hyper down
Mc2r melanocortin 2 receptor hyper down
MMRN1 multimerin 1 hyper down
DYNLRB2 dynein light chain roadblock-type 2 hyper down
TENM2 teneurin transmembrane protein 2 hyper down
FRMPD2 FERM and PDZ domain containing 2 hypo up
DHX32 DEAH-box helicase 32 hypo up
SORCS1 sortilin-related VPS10 domain-containing receptor 1 hypo up

中期与后期

Middle and final

 ANGPTL5 angiopoietin like 5 hyper down
DNAH10 dynein axonemal heavy chain 10 hypo up
CCDC187 coiled-coil domain containing 187 hypo up
PCK1 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 hypo up

图3

不同填饲阶段差异甲基化GO富集图"

图4

不同填饲阶段差异甲基化KEGG富集图"

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