The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding ›› 2023, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (7): 9-18.

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Detection of Related-Gene of Heterosis in Simmental×Holstein Cross

Fan Tingting1, Ma Yi2, Wang Jing1, Zhao Guoyao1, Xu Lingyang1, Chen Yan1, Zhang Lupei1, Gao Huijiang1, Li Junya1,*, Gao Xue1,*   

  1. 1. Institute of Animal Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193;
    2. Animal Husbandry Institute of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300000
  • Received:2023-03-13 Online:2023-07-26 Published:2023-07-24

Abstract: The aim of the study was to explore the heterosis of Simmental and Holstein, excavate its candidate genes associated with heterosis and analyze the genetic mechanisms of heterosis in cattle. 91 individuals including 9 Simmental bulls, 41 Holstein cows and 41 offspring of Simmental×Holstein were selected to conduct a genome-wide selection signal study using the illumina bovine GGP100k high-density chip. The top 1% of Fst value was used as the threshold. The results showed that 859 SNPs(Fst value >0.19) were selected by Fst within threshold of top 1%, and 249 candidate genes were annotated between F1 offspring and Simmental (paternal). In addition, 860 SNPs(Fst value >0.15) were selected by Fst, and 261 candidate genes were annotated between F1 offspring and Holstein (maternal). Gene pathway enrichment analysis found that the candidate genes were mainly enriched in the Axon guidance pathway (P<0.01), Focal adhesions and Prolactin signaling pathway (P<0.05) between F1 and parents, respectively. It was found that 38 genes related to growth and development, milk production, carcass, reproduction and meat quality traits of cattle, such as OXTR, CHKA, PRKN, were positively selected in F1. These findings will provide a reference for resolving genetic mechanisms of heterosis and guiding heterosis utilization.

Key words: Genome-wide, Selection signal, Heterosis

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