隐性白羽鸡体尺指标、屠宰性能及肉品质的测定与比较分析

doi:10.19543/j.cnki.1673-4556.20260430.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的本文旨在探究国内市场上常见白羽鸡品种的体尺性状、屠宰性能和肌肉品质差异，以期为白羽鸡肉品质评价提供参考。方法该试验对6周龄的隐性白羽鸡、矮小隐性白羽鸡、青脚矮小隐性白羽鸡进行体尺指标、屠宰性能和肌肉品质测定分析。结果结果表明：与矮小隐性白羽鸡和青脚矮小隐性白羽鸡相比，隐性白羽肉鸡体重、胸肌和腿肌最重，腹脂率较低（P＜0.05）。隐性白羽肉鸡、矮小隐性白羽鸡和青脚矮小隐性白羽鸡的屠宰率、半净膛率和全净膛率较接近，差异不显著（P＞0.05）。隐性白羽肉鸡、矮小隐性白羽鸡和青脚矮小隐性白羽鸡的滴水损失率和肌内脂肪含量等也接近，差异不显著（P＞0.05）。结论试验结果表明隐性白羽鸡屠宰性能和产肉性能更优，3种隐性白羽鸡的肌肉品质较接近。

关键词: 白羽肉鸡, 体尺指标, 屠宰性能, 肉品质

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the differences in body size traits, slaughter performance, and muscle quality among common white-feathered chicken breeds in the domestic market, in order to provide reference for the evaluation of white feather chicken meat quality. Method body measurements, slaughter performance, and muscle quality were analyzed in 6-week-old recessive white-feathered chickens, dwarf recessive white-feathered chickens, and green-legged dwarf recessive white-feathered chickens. Result The results showed that, compared with dwarf recessive white-feathered chickens and green-legged dwarf recessive white-feathered chickens, the body weight, breast muscle, and leg muscle of recessive white-feathered broilers were the heaviest, while their abdominal fat rate was lower (P < 0.05). The slaughter rate, half-carcass eviscerated rate, and whole carcass eviscerated rate of recessive white-feathered broilers, dwarf recessive white-feathered chickens, and green-legged dwarf recessive white-feathered chickens were similar, with no significant differences (P > 0.05). Drip loss rate and intramuscular fat content were also comparable among the three breeds, with no significant differences(P > 0.05). The results indicate that recessive white-feathered chickens have superior slaughter and meat production performance, and the muscle quality of the three types of recessive white-feathered chickens is relatively close. Conclusion These findings provide a theoretical basis for identifying high-quality broiler phenotypes and offer fundamental data for the breeding of high-quality meat chickens.

Key words: White-feathered broiler, Body size index, Performance of slaughter, Quality of meat

中图分类号:

S831

孙新宇, 陈雪娇, 刘叶, 郭阿秀, 张浩, 张博. 隐性白羽鸡体尺指标、屠宰性能及肉品质的测定与比较分析[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2026, 22(5): 96-100.

Xinyu Sun, Xuejiao Chen, Ye Liu, Axiu Guo, Hao Zhang, Bo Zhang. Measurement and comparative analysis of body size, slaughter performance, and meat quality of the recessive white feather chicken[J]. Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding, 2026, 22(5): 96-100.

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项目Items	矮小隐性白羽鸡Dwarf recessive white-feathered chicken		隐性白羽鸡 Recessive white chickens		青脚矮小隐性白羽鸡Blue-footed short-legged recessive white-feathered chicken
性别Sex	公	母	公	母	公	母
活重Live-weight/g	872.00±132.06^ab	735.17±84.08^bc	1010.50±34.58^a	998.17±47.67^a	706.67±43.14^cd	592.17±98.02^d
胸角Thoracic angle/°	95.10±2.98^a	88.75±2.38^b	92.40±2.25^ab	91.40±1.67^ab	90.55±2.58^b	91.12±2.55^ab
体斜长Body slant length/cm	14.12±1.14^bc	13.78±0.68^bc	15.02±0.32^ab	15.58±0.56^a	14.78±0.40^ab	12.92±0.96^c
龙骨长Keel length/cm	8.85±1.18^b	10.02±0.85^ab	10.43±0.56^a	10.53±0.27^a	9.75±0.54^ab	8.78±1.21^b
胫围Lower leg circumference/cm	3.88±0.26^ab	3.50±0.06^c	4.12±0.08^a	3.90±0.06^ab	3.62±0.22^bc	3.45±0.37^c
胸宽Chest breadth/cm	7.97±1.30^a	5.86±0.22^b	6.21±0.59^b	5.96±0.45^b	5.48±0.39^b	5.48±0.46^b
胸深Chest depth/cm	9.74±1.74^a	7.08±0.39^b	7.80±0.50^b	7.37±0.90^b	7.08±0.44^b	6.39±0.39^b
骨盆宽Wide pelvis/cm	5.98±1.23^a	3.37±0.41^b	3.44±0.47^b	3.69±0.21^b	3.36±0.21^b	3.54±0.32^b
胫长Calf length/cm	8.38±1.39^a	5.89±0.25^bc	6.95±0.56^b	6.78±0.27^b	6.21±0.19^bc	5.64±0.34^c

项目Items	矮小隐性白羽鸡 Short-statured recessive white-feathered chicken		隐性白羽鸡 Recessive white chickens		青脚矮小隐性白羽鸡 Blue-footed short-legged recessive white-feathered chicken		P值P-value
项目Items	公	母	公	母	公	母	P值P-value
屠体重Carcass weight/g	774.17±112.27^a	639.83±78.11^b	894.33±35.23^a	870.33±41.9^a	617.67±51.06^b	525.17±72.18^b	-
屠宰率Carcass rate/%	88.86±0.87	86.98±1.74	88.52±2.66	87.19±0.67	87.31±2.31	89.14±3.47	0.481
半净膛重Half-eviscerated weight/g	709.33±106.01^a	586.50±77.06^b	803.83±30.83^a	792.83±37.28^a	581.83±35.47^bc	479.33±66.23^c	-
半净膛率Half-eviscerated rate/%	81.37±0.87	79.66±1.98	79.54±1.08	79.44±0.81	82.34±0.88	81.37±3.35	0.068
全净膛重Full-eviscerated weight/g	549.00±96.91^ab	457.33±55.78^bc	616.83±19.98^a	608.17±28.87^a	445.67±29.86^cd	366.17±56.38^d	-
全净膛率Total empty-body weight/%	62.75±2.05	62.19±1.32	61.05±0.79	60.93±0.89	63.05±0.72	61.99±1.77	0.096
腹脂重Abdominal fat weight/g	17.96±6.10^ab	19.84±2.68^ab	12.53±3.85^abc	20.27±4.27^a	12.22±3.53^bc	9.59±1.49^bc	-
腹脂率Abdominal fat percentage/%	1.99±0.53^ab	2.73±0.74^a	1.24±0.36^b	2.02±0.35^ab	1.75±0.59^ab	1.67±0.47^b	-
胸肌重Breast muscle weight/g	64.22±15.12^b	61.64±7.04^b	85.29±11.36^a	91.44±7.82^a	58.47±4.10^b	47.55±11.19^b	-
胸肌率Breast muscle rate/%	7.76±2.46	7.45±1.70	9.09±1.61	9.08±0.92	9.09±2.06	7.66±2.17	0.723
腿肌重Leg muscle weight/g	53.30±49.41^b	38.27±43.48^b	126.47±28.77^a	130.87±14.90^a	84.33±7.59^ab	70.45±12.24^b	-
腿肌率Leg muscle rate/%	6.33±5.9^ab	4.81±5.39^ab	13.38±2.84^a	13.01±1.70^a	13.32±4.29^a	11.31±2.46^ab	-

种类Breeds	性别Sex	pH1	肉色lMeat color l	肉色a Meat color a	肉色b Meat color b	滴水损失率Water loss rate/%	剪切力 Shear force/N	肌内脂肪含量 Intramscular fat content/%
矮小隐性白羽鸡Short-statured recessive white-feathered chicken	公	6.27±0.41	46.68±2.09	8.25±1.72^ab	12.49±1.91^ab	1.86±1.83	16.15±5.01^b	1.86±0.34
矮小隐性白羽鸡Short-statured recessive white-feathered chicken	母	6.43±0.47	47.68±4.39	9.64±1.41^ab	13.28±1.44^ab	2.87±1.93	19.60±5.02^ab	1.81±0.27
隐性白羽鸡 Recessive white chickens	公	6.09±0.33	45.65±2.56	9.82±1.22^ab	11.55±1.83^ab	0.75±0.29	17.05±4.31^b	1.95±0.29
隐性白羽鸡 Recessive white chickens	母	6.46±0.62	47.18±2.37	7.99±1.31^b	10.17±1.61^b	1.96±2.18	17.98±5.52^ab	1.79±0.39
青脚矮小隐性白羽鸡Blue-footed short-legged recessive white-feathered chicken	公	6.23±0.43	49.78±3.24	10.38±1.51^ab	13.16±1.03^ab	1.85±0.86	24.24±4.10^ab	1.38±0.46
	母	6.36±0.82	48.83±3.13	10.87±2.32^a	13.87±2.96^a	2.07±1.07	25.79±4.13^a	1.94±0.32
P值P- value		0.839	0.211	-	-		0.183	-	0.079