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卢丽婷(2002—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为基因编辑与表达调控,E-mail:luliting0824@163.com。 |
收稿日期: 2025-12-05
网络出版日期: 2026-09-10
基金资助
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金重点项目(2025D01D23)
西藏自治区重点研发计划(CGZH2023000257)
国家重点研发计划(2024YFD12007000)
Conservation of endangered cattle germplasm resources: Technological integration and paradigm shift
Received date: 2025-12-05
Online published: 2026-09-10
全球大型动物,尤其是濒危牛种,正面临栖息地丧失、种群碎片化与遗传多样性下降等多重威胁。这些物种不仅是维持生态系统结构与功能的关键成员,还承载着深厚的文化与历史记忆。传统以栖息地保护与圈养繁殖为主的保护策略,在应对小种群遗传退化和气候变化等挑战时已显乏力,难以有效遏制遗传多样性的持续流失与种群长期生存力的衰退。本文从基因组信息解码、多组学整合、生殖与基因工程技术突破以及智能监测体系构建等多个角度,系统探讨如何通过技术融合推动保护范式的根本性转变。种质资源保护领域需建立一套融合基因组学、生殖工程、基因编辑、信息技术与智能生态监测等前沿科技的系统保护方案,实现从被动“抢救式保存”到主动“可持续恢复”的跨越,不仅挽救物种免于灭绝,更致力于恢复其野外种群的健康、适应性与进化潜力。
卢丽婷 , 王晶 , 于阳 , 顾士钢 , 张怡 , 张裕荣 , 余大为 , 黄永业 . 濒危牛种质资源保护:技术融合与范式重构[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2026 , 22(9) : 78 -84 . DOI: 10.19543/j.cnki.1673-4556.20260714.001
Large animals worldwide, particularly endangered cattle species, faced multiple threats including habitat loss, population fragmentation, and genetic diversity erosion. These species are not only crucial components for maintaining ecosystem structure and function but also embody profound cultural and historical significance. However, traditional conservation strategies, which primarily relied on habitat protection and captive breeding, proved inadequate in addressing emerging challenges such as genetic degradation in small populations and climate change. These limitations hindered effective prevention of ongoing genetic diversity loss and the decline in long-term population viability. To address these issues, this study undertook a systematic exploration of how technological integration could drive a fundamental transformation in the conservation paradigm. The investigation examined multiple aspects: the decoding of genomic information, the integration of multi-omics data, breakthroughs in reproductive and genetic engineering technologies, and the establishment of intelligent monitoring systems. The ultimate objective was the development of a replicable and scalable systematic conservation framework. This framework aims to achieve a transition from passive "rescue conservation" to proactive "sustainable recovery," with the goal not only of preventing species extinction but also of restoring the health, adaptability, and evolutionary potential of wild populations.
Key words: Cattle; Genome; Somatic cell nuclear transfer; Artificial intelligence; Gene editing
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