|
冯豆(1991—),女,河南驻马店人,畜牧师,主要从事肉牛、奶牛育种工作,E-mail:308167405@qq.com。 |
收稿日期: 2026-01-26
网络出版日期: 2026-07-31
基金资助
河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(HARS-22-14-S)
河南省科技攻关项目:河南省地方肉牛品种基因分型液相芯片开发及应用(242102110001)
Research on current status and strategies of beef cattle development in Henan Province
Received date: 2026-01-26
Online published: 2026-07-31
河南省肉牛存栏和牛肉产量均具一定规模,拥有夏南牛、南阳黄牛、郏县红牛等优良地方品种,冻精年供应量占全国三分之一,农作物秸秆资源丰富,养殖和加工体系也初步成形,产业发展基础较好。但在实际运行中,产品结构偏低端、饲养成本上升和产业链延伸不足等问题日益突出,导致优势条件不能转化为核心竞争力。现有研究多集中在品种选育、秸秆利用和加工提升单一环节,缺少全链条系统性的分析。本文关注全产业链条,梳理河南肉牛产业的优势与深层矛盾,分析了造成这些问题的原因。研究认为,当前制约河南肉牛产业效益提升的核心问题主要集中在4个方面:育种体系集中化和标准化程度不足,优良性状难以稳定遗传和推广;秸秆饲料化利用率偏低,对高精饲料依赖度居高不下;养殖主体以散户为主,组织化程度低,追溯体系难以建立;精深加工能力薄弱,产品同质化严重,附加值低。针对以上问题,本文认为依托基因组选择技术构建核心育种群体,筛选生长性能和肉质形状优良的个体,并根据不同区域条件推行精准杂交繁育模式;系统开发花生秧、果渣等本地饲料资源,降低对进口饲草和精饲料的依赖;推广“25512”适度规模标准化模式,提升组织化水平;推动龙头企业从初级分割向深加工延伸,提升产品辨识度和附加值;同时本文还讨论了政策、科技和金融三方面的配套支撑条件,以期为“十五五”时期河南省肉牛产业发展提供参考。
冯豆 , 邓红雨 , 王利宁 , 姚嘉伦 , 贺磊 , 全清华 , 贺倩倩 , 张震 . 河南省肉牛发展现状及策略研究[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2026 , 22(8) : 61 -67 . DOI: 10.19543/j.cnki.1673-4556.20260720.001
The beef cattle inventory and beef production in Henan Province have a certain scale. It has excellent local varieties such as Xianan cattle, Nanyang yellow cattle, and Jiaxian red cattle. The annual supply of frozen semen accounts for one-third of the country, and the crop straw resources are abundant. The breeding and processing system has also taken shape, and the industrial development foundation is good. However, in actual operation, problems such as low-end product structure, rising feeding costs, and insufficient extension of the industrial chain have become increasingly prominent, resulting in advantages that cannot be transformed into core competitiveness. The existing research mostly focuses on the single link of variety breeding, straw utilization and processing improvement, and lacks systematic analysis of the whole chain. This paper focuses on the whole industry chain, combs the advantages and deep contradictions of Henan beef cattle industry, and analyzes the causes of these problems. According to the research, the core problems restricting the improvement of Henan beef cattle industry efficiency are mainly concentrated in four aspects : the lack of centralization and standardization of breeding system, the difficulty of stable inheritance and promotion of excellent traits; the utilization rate of straw feed is low, and the dependence on high concentrate feed is high. The main body of breeding is mainly retail, the degree of organization is low, and the traceability system is difficult to establish; the deep processing ability is weak, the product homogeneity is serious, and the added value is low. In view of the above problems, this paper believes that the core breeding population should be constructed based on genome selection technology to screen individuals with excellent growth performance and meat shape, and the precise hybridization breeding mode should be promoted according to different regional conditions. Systematically develop local feed resources such as peanut vines and pomace to reduce dependence on imported forage and concentrate; to promote the "25512" moderate scale standardization model and improve the level of organization; promote leading enterprises to extend from primary segmentation to deep processing, improve product identification and added value; at the same time, this paper also discusses the supporting conditions of policy, science and technology and finance, in order to provide reference for the development of beef cattle industry in Henan Province during the "15th Five-Year" period.
| [1] |
陈科. 河南省肉牛养殖产业现状及对策[J]. 当代农机, 2024(10): 89-93.
|
| [2] |
聂胜委, 张巧萍, 王二耀, 等. 河南省丘陵山区中小规模牛养殖业现状与对策分析[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2023, 49(5): 38-43.
|
| [3] |
王彦华, 郑春雷, 刘祥, 等. 河南省肉牛产业发展形势与对策[J]. 郑州牧业工程高等专科学校学报, 2013(4): 34-38.
|
| [4] |
赵玉民, 方文文, 曹阳, 等. 我国肉牛种业的发展现状与创新构想[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2024, 50(1): 1-4.
|
| [5] |
聂胜委, 张巧萍, 罗鹏, 等. 基于生态承载力和秸秆资源的河南省牛养殖潜力分析[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2024, 50(5): 29-36.
|
| [6] |
何建福, 高骞, 肖正中, 等. 农作物秸秆加工技术及其在肉牛生产中的应用研究进展[J]. 中国饲料, 2024(7): 150-156.
|
| [7] |
张子敬, 王香南, 刘贤,等. 河南省肉牛产业技术发展报告[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2025, 51(2): 1-5.
|
| [8] |
河南省人民政府门户网站. 河南:打造“五个一”秸秆利用新格局[EB/OL].
Henan provincial people’s government portal. Henan: building a new pattern of "Five Ones" in straw utilization[EB/OL].
|
| [9] |
于涛. 做强肉牛产业河南有优势有担当[EB/OL].
|
| [10] |
张天留, 葛菲, 朱波, 等. 肉牛种业科技创新发展现状与趋势分析[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2022, 18(10): 5-16.
|
| [11] |
王元清, 朱波, 王泽昭,等. 选种选配:提升种牛育种效率的重要环节[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2025, 21(4):115-121.
|
| [12] |
姚思名, 庄洪延, 曹治国 饲喂全株玉米青贮对肉牛育肥性能的影响研究 [J]. 现代畜牧兽医, 2017(1): 15-20.
|
| [13] |
高俊雷, 李柏浩, 李航,等. 不同贮存方式的花生秧营养价值评定[J]. 饲料研究, 2025(20): 133-139.
|
| [14] |
梅德洪. 杜仲叶发酵饲料工艺优化及其对肉牛生产性能的影响[D]. 贵阳: 贵州大学, 2021.
|
| [15] |
牟学良, 范晓静. 果渣副产物在草食动物生产中的应用[J]. 中国草食动物科学, 2024, 44(5): 77-83.
|
| [16] |
邓敏, 程蓉, 王家一,等. 复合微生物菌系对玉米和水稻秸秆厌氧发酵产率的影响[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2025, 31(9): 1362-1376.
|
| [17] |
张幸开, 宫玥, 韦子海, 等. 哺乳期补饲燕麦干草对犊牛生长性能、健康状况和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 中国奶牛, 2025(2): 6-11.
|
| [18] |
高博, 王燕燕, 杨阳, 等. 不同粗饲料对平凉红牛分段式育肥效果的影响[J]. 饲料研究, 2023, 46(1): 6-10.
|
| [19] |
雒自全, 张洁, 何龙, 等. 架子牛不同体重阶段育肥效益分析[J]. 中国草食动物科学, 2013, 33(3): 74-77.
|
| [20] |
施文章. 肉牛精准饲喂技术优化与生长性能提升探索[J]. 农业开发与装备, 2025(12): 244-246.
|
| [21] |
冯豆, 贺倩倩, 闫磊, 等. 肉牛育种多模态表型采集与决策支持系统设计[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2025, (9): 56-65.
|
| [22] |
朱丽. 肉牛养殖大数据管理平台的实践与优化研究[D]. 南昌: 江西农业大学, 2025.
|
| [23] |
聂胜委, 张巧萍, 闫祥洲, 等. 基于秸秆产量和牛饲养量的河南省县域肉牛养殖业发展策略分析[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2025, 51(6): 41-51.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |